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Transient performance comparison of grid-forming converters with different FRT control strategies

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 239-250 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0856-2

摘要： Grid-forming converters (GFMs) are faced with the threat of transient inrush current and synchronization instability issues when subjected to grid faults. Instead of disconnecting from the grid unintentionally, GFMs are required to have fault ride through (FRT) capability to maintain safe and stable operation in grid-connected mode during grid fault periods. In recent studies, different FRT control strategies with distinguishing features and that are feasible for different operation conditions have been proposed for GFMs. To determine their application scope, an intuitive comparison of the transient performance of different FRT control strategies is presented in this paper. First, three typical FRT control strategies (virtual impedance, current limiters, and mode-switching control) are introduced and transient mathematical models are established. A detailed comparison analysis on transient inrush current and transient synchronization stability is then presented. The results will be useful for guiding the selection and design of FRT control strategies. Finally, simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC are considered to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.

关键词： grid-forming converters (GFMs)     fault ride through (FRT)     transient stability     transient inrush current     transient modeling    

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A comprehensive review of wind power based power system frequency regulation

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 611-634 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0876-6

摘要： Wind power (WP) is considered as one of the main renewable energy sources (RESs) for future low-carbon and high-cost-efficient power system. However, its low inertia characteristic may threaten the system frequency stability of the power system with a high penetration of WP generation. Thus, the capability of WP participating in the system frequency regulation has become a research hotspot. In this paper, the impact of WP on power system frequency stability is initially presented. In addition, various existing control strategies of WP participating in frequency regulation are reviewed from the wind turbine (WT) level to the wind farm (WF) level, and their performances are compared in terms of operating principles and practical applications. The pros and cons of each control strategy are also discussed. Moreover, the WP combing with energy storage system (ESS) for system frequency regulation is explored. Furthermore, the prospects, future challenges, and solutions of WP participating in power system frequency regulation are summarized.

关键词： frequency regulation strategies     wind turbine generators     grid-forming control     model predictive control     energy storage system    

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Analysis and stabilization control of a voltage source controlled wind farm under weak grid conditions

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 943-955 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0793-5

摘要： This paper investigates and discusses the interaction stability issues of a wind farm with weak grid connections, where the wind turbines (WTs) are controlled by a new type of converter control strategy referred to as the voltage source (VS) control. The primary intention of the VS control method is to achieve the high-quality inertial response capability of a single WT. However, when it is applied to multiple WTs within a wind farm, its weak-grid performance regarding the stability remains concealed and needs to be clarified. To this end, a frequency domain model of the wind farm under the VS control is first developed. Based on this model and the application of a stability margin quantification index, not only the interactions between the wind farm and the weak grid but also those among WTs will be systematically assessed in this paper. A crucial finding is that the inertial response of VS control has negative impacts on the stability margin of the system, and the dominant instability mode is more related to the interactions among the WTs rather than the typical grid-wind farm interaction. Based on this knowledge, a stabilization control strategy is then proposed, aiming for stability improvements of VS control while fulfilling the demand of inertial responses. Finally, all the results are verified by time-domain simulations in power systems computer aided design/electromagnetic transients including DC(PSCAD/EMTDC).

关键词： weak grids     voltage source (VS) control     wind turbine (WT)     stabilization control     wind farm     inertial response    

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Feedback linearization based control for weak grid connected PV system under normal and abnormal conditions

Rahul SHARMA,Sathans SUHAG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 400-409 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0459-5

摘要： This paper proposes a control strategy for interface of distributed energy sources into the weak grid system with a focus on the energy and ancillary services. A novel controller has been designed and implemented to tackle the challenges of coupling terms in the LCL filter, the transient behavior under sudden changes, and the voltage support under fault condition using the feedback linearization technique. The controller proposed has been implemented on the PV system connected with the weak grid using the LCL filter and the performance of the controller has been verified using Matlab/Simulink through simulation under different conditions. The results of the controller proposed have been compared with the conventional PI dual loop controller. The simulation results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness and simplicity of the controller design strategy.

关键词： PV system     grid interface     feedback linearization     inverter     LCL filter    

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Simulation of grid connection and maximum power point tracking control of brushless doubly-fed generator

Hicham SERHOUD, Djilani BENATTOUS

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 380-387 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0252-z

摘要： In this paper, based on the analysis of the mathematical model in a common synchronous reference frame of the brushless doubly-fed generator (BDFG), the grid connection strategy and maximum energy extraction control were both analyzed. Besides, the transient simulation of no-load model and generation model of the BDFG have been developed on the MATLAB/Simulink platform. The test results during cutting-in grid confirmed the good dynamic performance of grid synchronization and effective power control approach for the BDFG-based variable speed wind turbines.

关键词： brushless doubly-fed generator (BDFG)     modeling     grid connection control     back-to-back pulse-width modulation (PWM) converter     wind power generation    

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Multiple target implementation for a doubly fed induction generator based on direct power control underunbalanced and distorted grid voltage

Heng NIAN,Yi-peng SONG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第4期   页码 321-334 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400170

摘要： This paper presents a multiple target implementation technique for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) under unbalanced and distorted grid voltage based on direct power control (DPC). Based on the mathematical model of DFIG under unbalanced and distorted voltage, the proportional and integral (PI) regulator is adopted to regulate the DFIG average active and reactive powers, while the vector PI (VPI) resonant regulator is used to achieve three alternative control targets: (1) balanced and sinusoidal stator current; (2) smooth instantaneous stator active and reactive powers; (3) smooth electromagnetic torque and instantaneous stator reactive power. The major advantage of the proposed control strategy over the conventional method is that neither negative and harmonic sequence decomposition of grid voltage nor complicated control reference calculation is required. The insensitivity of the proposed control strategy to DFIG parameter deviation is analyzed. Finally, the DFIG experimental system is developed to validate the availability of the proposed DPC strategy under unbalanced and distorted grid voltage.

关键词： Direct power control     Doubly fed induction generator     Unbalanced and distorted grid voltage     Vector proportional and integral resonant regulator     Parameter deviation    

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Robust control based on the Lyapunov theory of a grid-connected doubly fed induction generator

Ridha CHEIKH, Arezki MENACER, Said DRID

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 191-196 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0245-y

摘要： This paper discusses the robust control of a grid-connected doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) controlled by vector control using a nonlinear feedback linearization strategy in order to ameliorate the performances of the control and to govern the developed stator active and reactive power in a linear and decoupled manner, in which an optimal operation of the DFIG in sub-synchronous operation is given, as well as the control stator power flow with the possibility of keeping stator power factor at a unity. The use of the state-all-flux induction machine model gives place to a simpler control model. So, to achieve this objective, the Lyapunov approach is used associated with a sliding mode control to guarantee the global asymptotical stability and the robustness of the parametric variations.

关键词： doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     vector control     Lyapunov function     power factor unity     active power     reactive power    

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Capacity limitation of nuclear units in grid based on analysis of frequency regulation

Yiping DAI, Pan JIANG, Lin GAO, Weimin KAN, Xiaoqing XIAO, Ge JIN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 148-154 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0174-1

摘要： The increasing capacity of nuclear units in power grid poses threat to system stability and security. Load disturbance may cause overspeed of the units and trigger the overspeed protection controller (OPC). Repeating actions of valves have a strong impact on the security of the equipment and may result in a collapse of the power system. Based on the analysis of frequency regulation, mathematic models for nuclear units in the grid are established in this paper to simulate the dynamic process when load disturbance occurs. The critical action of the OPC is proposed as the constraint of safe operation for the units. The relationship between different styles of frequency regulation and the allowable capacity of the nuclear units in the grid is discussed. This research can help to estimate the capacity limitation of nuclear units in the grid.

关键词： nuclear units capacity     overspeed     primary frequency control (PFC)     second frequency control (SFC)    

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Finite element simulations of sheet metal forming under complex strain paths

CHEN Wei, YANG Jichang, WU Xiaofeng, LU Dun, GUO Weigang

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第4期   页码 399-403 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0069-8

摘要： Fracture is a common defect in sheet metal forming and it is essentially caused by tensile instability. This paper analyzes some experiments and theories for building forming limit diagrams of sheet metal and points out the advantages and disadvantages of current experiments and theories. According to this, a method that integrates the finite element simulation and experiment was used to research the forming limit diagrams of the sheet metal under complex strain paths. Taking the rear hanger that undergoes twice stamping as an example, the strain paths of the dangerous point of the rear hanger is investigated. Finally, the forming method of the rear hanger is confirmed. Results indicate that finite element method (FEM) can achieve the complex strain paths and different strain paths will have great impacts on the result of the sheet metal forming.

关键词： dangerous     forming method     different     hanger     forming    

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Performance of PI controller for control of active and reactive power in DFIG operating in a grid-connected

Azzouz TAMAARAT,Abdelhamid BENAKCHA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 371-378 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0318-6

摘要： Due to several factors, wind energy becomes an essential type of electricity generation. The share of this type of energy in the network is becoming increasingly important. The objective of this work is to present the modeling and control strategy of a grid connected wind power generation scheme using a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) driven by the rotor. This paper is to present the complete modeling and simulation of a wind turbine driven DFIG in the second mode of operating (the wind turbine pitch control is deactivated). It will introduce the vector control, which makes it possible to control independently the active and reactive power exchanged between the stator of the generator and the grid, based on vector control concept (with stator flux or voltage orientation) with classical PI controllers. Various simulation tests are conducted to observe the system behavior and evaluate the performance of the control for some optimization criteria (energy efficiency and the robustness of the control). It is also interesting to play on the quality of electric power by controlling the reactive power exchanged with the grid, which will facilitate making a local correction of power factor.

关键词： wind power     doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     vector control     active power     reactive power     maximum power point tracking (MPPT)    

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Application of fuzzy logic control algorithm as stator power controller of a grid-connected doubly-fed

Ridha CHEIKH, Arezki MENACER, Said DRID, Mourad TIAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 49-55 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0217-7

摘要： This paper discusses the power outputs control of a grid-connected doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) for a wind power generation systems. The DFIG structure control has a six diode rectifier and a PWM IGBT converter in order to control the power outputs of the DFIG driven by wind turbine. So, to supply commercially the electrical power to the grid without any problems related to power quality, the active and reactive powers ( , ) at the stator side of the DFIG are strictly controlled at a required level, which, in this paper, is realized with an optimized fuzzy logic controller based on the grid flux oriented control, which gives an optimal operation of the DFIG in sub-synchronous region, and the control of the stator power flow with the possibility of keeping stator power factor at a unity.

关键词： doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)     vector control     fuzzy logic controller     optimization     power factor unity     active and reactive power    

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Robust direct power control based on the Lyapunov theory of a grid-connected brushless doubly fed induction

M. Abdelbasset MAHBOUB,Said DRID,M. A. SID,Ridha CHEIKH

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 298-307 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0411-0

摘要： This paper deals with robust direct power control of a grid-connected brushless doubly-fed induction generator(BDFIG). Using a nonlinear feedback linearization strategy, an attempt is made to improve the desired performances by controlling the generated stator active and reactive power in a linear and decoupled manner. Therefore, to achieve this objective, the Lyapunov approach is used associated with a sliding mode control to guarantee the global asymptotical stability. Thus, an optimal operation of the BDFIG in sub-synchronous operation is obtained as well as the stator power flows with the possibility of keeping stator power factor at a unity. The proposed method is tested with the Matlab/Simulink software. Simulation results illustrate the performances and the feasibility of the designed control.

关键词： brushless doubly fed induction generator (BDFIG)     vector control     Lyapunov theory     power factor unity     active and reactive power    

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汽车板精益成形技术

林忠钦,李淑慧,王武荣,来新民

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第11期   页码 22-29

摘要：

建立了面向零件成形特征的合理选材方法，发明了高效的拉延筋阻力混合优化设计方法，构建了变压边力控制实验平台。从降低成形质量对材料和工艺过程波动敏感性的角度出发，研究面向材料和工艺参数随机波动的成形质量的稳健控制。形成了基于“合理选材、工艺优化、稳健设计”思想的汽车板精益成形技术体系。通过在宝钢股份和多家汽车厂10多年的成功应用，支持宝钢汽车板的市场占有率稳步达到50 %，有效地推动了国产汽车板使用技术的发展。

关键词： 汽车板     精益成形     合理选材     工艺优化     稳健设计    

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Precision forging technology for aluminum alloy

Lei DENG, Xinyun WANG, Junsong JIN, Juchen XIA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第13卷 第1期   页码 25-36 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0477-y

摘要：

Aluminum alloy is a preferred metal material for lightweight part manufacturing in aerospace, automobile, and weapon industries due to its good physical properties, such as low density, high specific strength, and good corrosion resistance. However, during forging processes, underfilling, folding, broken streamline, crack, coarse grain, and other macro- or microdefects are easily generated because of the deformation characteristics of aluminum alloys, including narrow forgeable temperature region, fast heat dissipation to dies, strong adhesion, high strain rate sensitivity, and large flow resistance. Thus, it is seriously restricted for the forged part to obtain precision shape and enhanced property. In this paper, progresses in precision forging technologies of aluminum alloy parts were reviewed. Several advanced precision forging technologies have been developed, including closed die forging, isothermal die forging, local loading forging, metal flow forging with relief cavity, auxiliary force or vibration loading, casting-forging hybrid forming, and stamping-forging hybrid forming. High-precision aluminum alloy parts can be realized by controlling the forging processes and parameters or combining precision forging technologies with other forming technologies. The development of these technologies is beneficial to promote the application of aluminum alloys in manufacturing of lightweight parts.

关键词： precision forging     aluminum alloy     closed die forging     flow control forging     hybrid-forming technology    

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Modeling and control of photovoltaic energy conversion connected to the grid

Rebei NAJET, Ben Ghanem BELGACEM, Hasnaoui OTHMAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 35-46 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0169-y

摘要： This paper presents modeling and control of a photovoltaic generator (PVG) connected to the grid. The parameters of the PVG have been identified in previous work (series and parallel resistance, reverse saturation current and thermal voltage) using Newton-Raphston and the gradient algorithm. The electrical energy from a PVG is transferred to the grid via two static converters (DC/DC and DC/AC). The objective of the proposed control strategy is to maximize energy captured from the PVG. The adapted control law for extracting maximum power from the PVG is based on the incremental conductance algorithm. The developed algorithm has the capability of searching the maximum photovoltaic power under variable irradiation and temperature. To control the DC/AC inverter, an intelligent system based on two structures is constructed: a current source control structure and a voltage source control structure. The system has been validated by numerical simulation using data obtained from the PVG installed in the laboratory research (INSAT, Tunisia).

关键词： photovoltaic generator (PVG)     maximum power point tracker     grid-connected     static converters    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Transient performance comparison of grid-forming converters with different FRT control strategies

期刊论文

A comprehensive review of wind power based power system frequency regulation

期刊论文

Analysis and stabilization control of a voltage source controlled wind farm under weak grid conditions

期刊论文

Feedback linearization based control for weak grid connected PV system under normal and abnormal conditions

Rahul SHARMA,Sathans SUHAG

期刊论文

Simulation of grid connection and maximum power point tracking control of brushless doubly-fed generator

Hicham SERHOUD, Djilani BENATTOUS

期刊论文

Multiple target implementation for a doubly fed induction generator based on direct power control underunbalanced and distorted grid voltage

Heng NIAN,Yi-peng SONG

期刊论文

Robust control based on the Lyapunov theory of a grid-connected doubly fed induction generator

Ridha CHEIKH, Arezki MENACER, Said DRID

期刊论文

Capacity limitation of nuclear units in grid based on analysis of frequency regulation

Yiping DAI, Pan JIANG, Lin GAO, Weimin KAN, Xiaoqing XIAO, Ge JIN

期刊论文

Finite element simulations of sheet metal forming under complex strain paths

CHEN Wei, YANG Jichang, WU Xiaofeng, LU Dun, GUO Weigang

期刊论文

Performance of PI controller for control of active and reactive power in DFIG operating in a grid-connected

Azzouz TAMAARAT,Abdelhamid BENAKCHA

期刊论文

Application of fuzzy logic control algorithm as stator power controller of a grid-connected doubly-fed

Ridha CHEIKH, Arezki MENACER, Said DRID, Mourad TIAR

期刊论文

Robust direct power control based on the Lyapunov theory of a grid-connected brushless doubly fed induction

M. Abdelbasset MAHBOUB,Said DRID,M. A. SID,Ridha CHEIKH

期刊论文

汽车板精益成形技术

林忠钦,李淑慧,王武荣,来新民

期刊论文

Precision forging technology for aluminum alloy

Lei DENG, Xinyun WANG, Junsong JIN, Juchen XIA

期刊论文

Modeling and control of photovoltaic energy conversion connected to the grid

Rebei NAJET, Ben Ghanem BELGACEM, Hasnaoui OTHMAN

期刊论文